New methods of intraoperative evaluation of myocardial ischemic- reperfusion injury during on- and off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting
Abstract
Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is an effective and worldwide performed procedure.
However, there are a lot of complications for instance low cardiac output syndrome which can
be caused by ischemic-reperfusion injury. It is important to determine myocardial impairment
before necrosis. Serum troponin I level raises too late to get back myocardium alive. ECG cannot be useful while heart is stopped. We believe that early marker of myocardial damage could
be useful for intraoperative diagnosis and appropriate choice for surgical procedure to prevent
myocardial necrosis during CABG.
The aim of current review is to present modern information about predictors of cardiovascular events and poor outcomes that could be considered as markers of myocardial ischemic-reperfusion injury. We suppose that myeloperoxidase is the most appropriate for intraoperative
monitoring marker of myocardial ischemic-reperfusion injury.
Keywords:coronary artery bypass grafting, cardiac surgery, off-pump coronary bypass grafting, on-pump coronary artery bypass grafting, ischemic-reperfusion injury, myeloperoxidase
Clin. Experiment. Surg. Petrovsky J. 2017; 5 (2): 40–48.
DOI: 10.24411/2308-1198-2017-00032
Received: 01.03.2017. Accepted: 19.04.2017.
References
1. Freundlich R.E., et al. Years of life lost after complications of
coronary artery bypass operations. Ann Thorac Surg. 2016 Dec 6. pii:
S0003-4975(16)31300.
2. Moazzami K. et al. In-hospital outcomes and complications
of coronary artery bypass grafting in the United States between 2008
and 2012. J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth. 2016 Aug 10. pii: S1053-
0770(16)30344.
3. Kuroda K., et al. Early postoperative outcome of off-pump
coronary artery bypass grafting: a report from the highest-volume
center in Japan. Ann Thorac Cardiovasc. Surg. 2016; 22 (2): 98–107.
4. Taggart D.P. Off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting
(OPCABG)-a "personal" European perspective. J Thorac Dis. 2016; 8,
suppl. 10: S829–S31.
5. Chivasso P. et al. Impact of off-pump coronary artery bypass
grafting on survival: current best available evidence. J Thorac Dis.
2016; Vol. 8, suppl. 10: S808–S17.
6. Sokolov A.V., Pulina M.O., Ageeva K.V., Cherkalina O.S.,
Zakharova E.T., Vasiliev V.B., Identification of complexes of ceruloplasmin with matrix metalloproteinases 2 and 12. Biokhimiya [Bio-
chemistry]. 2009; (74): 1703–8. (in Russian)
7. Lenglet S., Mach F., Montecucco F. Role of matrix metalloproteinase-8 in atherosclerosis. Mediators Inflamm. 2013. Article ID 659282.
8. Momiyama Y., et al. High plasma levels of matrix metalloproteinase-8 in patients with unstable angina. Atherosclerosis. 2010; 209 (1): 206–10.
9. Tuomainen A.M., et al. Serum matrix metalloproteinase-8 concentrations are associated with cardiovascular outcome in men.
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2007; 27 (12): 2722–8.
10. Apple F.S., et al. Multiple biomarker use for detection
of adverse events in patients presenting with symptoms suggestive of acute coronary syndrome. Clin Chem. 2007; 53 (5):
874–81.
11. Healy A.M., et al. Platelet expression profiling and clinical validation of myeloid-related protein-14 as a novel determinant
of cardiovascular events. Circulation. 2006; 113 (19): 2278–84.
12. Shah P.K. Biomarkers of plaque instability // Curr. Cardiol. Rep. 2014. Vol. 16, N 12. P. 547.
13. Rosenson R.S., Gelb M.H. Secretory phospholipase A2:
a multifaceted family of proatherogenic enzymes. Curr Cardiol Rep.
2009; 11 (6): 445–51.
14. Hazen S.L. Myeloperoxidase and plaque vulnerability. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2004; 24 (7): 1143–6.
15. Karpov Yu.A., Buza V.V. Prognostic value of markers
of inflammation in patients with stable ischemic heart disease after
implantation of stents with drug covering at the background of long-
term therapy with statins (inhospital period). Kardiologiya [Cardio-
log]. 2012; 52 (3): 4–9. (in Russian)
16. Huang W.H., et al. Postischemia myocardial injury in coronary artery bypass patients (PP6). Transplant Proc. 2010; 42 (3):
725–8.
17. Mullard A. GSK's darapladib failures dim hopes for anti-inflammatory heart drugs. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2014; 13 (7):
481–2.
18. van Lammeren G.W. et al. New predictors of adverse cardio-vascular events following vascular surgery. Semin Cardiothorac Vasc
Anesth. 2010; 14 (2): 148–53.
19. Zamani P., et al. Inflammatory biomarkers, death, and
recurrent nonfatal coronary events after an acute coronary syndrome in the MIRACL study. J Am Heart Assoc. 2013; 2 (1). Article
ID e003103.
20. Lyngbaek S., et al. Usefulness of soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor to predict repeat myocardial infarction and
mortality in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous intervention. Am J Cardiol.
2012; 110 (12): 1756–63.
21. Panasenko O.M., Gorudko I.V., Sokolov A.V. Hypochlorous acid
as a precursor of free radicals in living systems. Uspekhi biologicheskoy
khimii [Advances in Biological Chemistry]. 2013; 53: 195–244.
22. Panasenko O.M., Mikhalchik E.V., Gorudko I.V., Grigorieva D.V., et al. Influence of antioxidants and scavengers of hypo-
galoid acids on the activation of neutrophils by low-density lipoproteins modified with hypochlorite. Biofizika [Biophysics]. 2016;
61 (3): 500–9.
23. Marsche G., et al. Hypochlorite-modified high-density lipoprotein acts as a sink for myeloperoxidase in vitro. Cardiovasc Res.
2008; 79 (1): 187–94.
24. Ismael F.O. et al. Role of myeloperoxidase oxidants in the
modulation of cellular lysosomal enzyme function: a contributing
factor to macrophage dysfunction in atherosclerosis? PLoS One.
2016; 11 (12). Article ID e0168844.
25. Ikitimur B., Karadag B. Role of myeloperoxidase in cardiology. Future Cardiol. 2010; 6 (5): 693–702.
26. Karakas M., Koenig W. Myeloperoxidase production by
macrophage and risk of atherosclerosis. Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2012;
14 (3): 277–83.
27. Nussbaum C., et al. Myeloperoxidase: a leukocyte-derived
protagonist of inflammation and cardiovascular disease. Antioxid
Redox Signal. 2013; 18 (6): 692–713.
28. Schaub N., et al. Markers of plaque instability in the early
diagnosis and risk stratification of acute myocardial infarction. Clin
Chem. 2012; 58 (1): 246–56.
29. Ferrante G., et al. High levels of systemic myeloperoxidase
are associated with coronary plaque erosion in patients with acute
coronary syndromes: a clinicopathological study. Circulation. 2010;
122 (24): 2505–13.
30. Alam S.R., et al. Perioperative elafin for ischaemia-reperfusion injury during coronary artery bypass graft surgery: a randomised-controlled trial. Heart. 2015; 101 (20): 1639–45.
31. Koch C., Henrich M., Heidt M.C. Sequential analysis of my-
eloperoxidase for prediction of adverse events after suspected acute
coronary ischemia. Clin Cardiol. 2014; 37 (12): 744–9.
32. Daher J., et al. Myeloperoxidase oxidized LDL interferes
with endothelial cell motility through miR-22 and heme oxygenase
1 induction: possible involvement in reendothelialization of vascular
injuries. Mediators Inflamm. 2014. Article ID 134635.
33. Grigorievа D.V., Gorudko I.V., Kostevich V.A., Sokolov A.V.,
et al. Myeloperoxidase activity in blood plasma as a criterion of the effectiveness of treatment of patients with cardiovascular diseases. Bio-
meditsinskaya khimiya [Biomedical Chemistry]. 2016; 62 (3): 318–24.
(in Russian)