The immediate results of surgical treatment of the mitral valve dysplasia

Aim. To analyze the resuls of surgical treatment of the patients with mitral valve dysplasia (MVD) and to evaluate the outcome taking into account the surgical approach (plasty or replacement).

Material and methods. A retrospective analysis of the clinical records of the 250 patients with mitral valve dysplasia and clinical manifestation of the mitral regurgitation (MR) was performed. All patients underwent surgical treatment by mitral valve plasty or replacement from 2009 to 2016 in the Federal Center for Cardiovascular Surgery (Astrakhan).

Results. Patients with MVD had severe MR (tearing off the posterior leaflet was the commonest feature), with echocardiographic and clinical signs of the mitral valve disease. The histological anlysis of the leaflets revealed myxomatous disorganization of collagen fibers with the formation of fibrosis in 100% cases. Plasty of the MV was performed in 194 pts (77.6%), MV replacement – in 56 pts (22.4%). All patients had a satisfactory condition at the time of discharge, 244 pts (97.6%) had MR degree 0–I post-operatively, and 4 (1.6%) had MR of 2 degree.

Conclusion. Surgical treatment should be recommended for patients with MR and mitral valve dysplasia before manifestation of the pathological cardiac remodelling (decreasing of the ejection fraction, left atrium enlargement, and atrial fibrillation). The obtained direct results of the surgery of the analyzed patient group correspond to the literary, worldwide data. The successful restoration of the MV function by a surgical method is possible both MV repair and MV replacement. MV repair is preferable to valve replacement.

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