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2 . 2022

Immediate results of robot-assisted and laparoscopic interventions in sigmoid and rectal cancer surgery

Abstract

Background. Over the past decades, laparoscopic colorectal surgery has become the new standard of care for colorectal diseases. The growing interest in robotic interventions is due to the provision of a stable 3D image from a camera controlled by the surgeon; angular instruments imitating the movement of the surgeon’s hands; good ergonomics and physiological tremor filtering.

Aim of our study was to compare the immediate results of robot-assisted and conventional laparoscopic interventions in sigmoid and rectal cancer surgery.

Material and methods. A prospective, non-randomized study included 64 patients with sigmoid and rectal tumors between September 2019 and April 2021. The main group consisted of 31 patients operated with the use of the robot; the control group consisted of 33 patients after laparoscopic interventions. All patients underwent formation of hardware colorectal anastomoses.

Results. Robot-assisted interventions were significantly longer than laparoscopic ones (263 min versus 225 min, p=0.025). Timing of abdominal drainage removal in the main group was shorter than in the comparison group (3.06 vs 4.4 days postoperatively, p=0.002). The average postoperative bed-day was 7.13 days after robot-assisted interventions and 8.33 days after laparoscopic interventions (p=0.043). In robot-assisted surgeries, more lymph nodes were removed with the pathological preparation than in laparoscopic surgeries (16.19±8.8 and 12.21±8.9, respectively, p=0.045). There were no differences between the compared groups in the volume of intraoperative blood loss, conversion rate to laparotomy, and the incidence of postoperative complications.

Conclusion. Robot-assisted resection interventions on the rectum are safe and are not inferior  in immediate results to similar laparoscopic surgeries, while eliminating most of the drawbacks  of laparoscopic surgery.

Keywords:robot-assisted surgery; colorectal surgery; rectal cancer; da Vicni robot; laparoscopic colorectal surgery

Funding. The study had no sponsor support.
Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.
For citation: Bedzhanyan A.L., Sumbaev A.A., Petrenko K.N., Frolova Yu.V., Temirsultanova Kh.R., Goncharov A.L., Andrey- tsev I.L. Immediate results of robot-assisted and laparoscopic interventions in sigmoid and rectal cancer surgery. Clinical and Experimental Surgery. Petrovsky Journal. 2022; 10 (2): 103–11. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33029/2308-1198-2022-10-2-103-111  (in Russian)

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CHIEF EDITOR
CHIEF EDITOR
Sergey L. Dzemeshkevich
MD, Professor (Moscow, Russia)

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